X-Git-Url: https://git.rrq.au/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=man%2Flilo.8;h=02512f47124eb8998da23d588971f17a9a9e3b6d;hb=f574e1127a225e2de2e77a6b9e46a65986789f1f;hp=9309925f5766b6ab3651ae703291e78d6fdc1d40;hpb=23c77cc092dbbb1e12c47c2b0021d4476b543702;p=rrq%2Fmaintain_lilo.git diff --git a/man/lilo.8 b/man/lilo.8 index 9309925..02512f4 100644 --- a/man/lilo.8 +++ b/man/lilo.8 @@ -1,496 +1,474 @@ -'\" t -.\" @(#)lilo.8 1.0 950728 aeb -.\" This page is based on the lilo docs, which carry the following -.\" COPYING condition: +.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 2.22 (Pod::Simple 3.07) .\" -.\" LILO program code, documentation and auxiliary programs are -.\" Copyright 1992-1998 Werner Almesberger. -.\" Extensions to LILO, documentation and auxiliary programs are -.\" Copyright 1999-2005 John Coffman. -.\" All rights reserved by the respective copyright holders. -.\" -.\" Redistribution and use is subject to the terms set forth in -.\" the file COPYING in the source directory. +.\" Standard preamble: +.\" ======================================================================== +.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP) +.if t .sp .5v +.if n .sp +.. +.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text +.ft CW +.nf +.ne \\$1 +.. +.de Ve \" End verbatim text +.ft R +.fi +.. +.\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will +.\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left +.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. \*(C+ will +.\" give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used to do unbreakable dashes and +.\" therefore won't be available. \*(C` and \*(C' expand to `' in nroff, +.\" nothing in troff, for use with C<>. +.tr \(*W- +.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p' +.ie n \{\ +. ds -- \(*W- +. ds PI pi +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch +. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch +. ds L" "" +. ds R" "" +. ds C` "" +. ds C' "" +'br\} +.el\{\ +. ds -- \|\(em\| +. ds PI \(*p +. ds L" `` +. ds R" '' +'br\} .\" -.\" Original version, Andries Brouwer (aeb@cwi.nl), 950728 -.\" Added t directive, as Daniel Quinlan asked, 950824 -.\" Added L switch, John Coffman, 991118 -.\" Added T switch, John Coffman, 001001 -.\" Added p switch, John Coffman, 010402 -.\" Added x switch, John Coffman, 010409 -.\" Added A switch, John Coffman, 010417 -.\" Added M switch, John Coffman, 010417 -.\" Added g switch, John Coffman, 010526 -.\" Added z switch, John Coffman, 010829 -.\" Added E switch, John Coffman, 020409 -.\" Added B,F & X switches, John Coffman, 020418 -.\" Added "k" option to I switch, John Coffman, 020609 -.\" Added Z switch, John Coffman, 030314 -.\" Added I switch options "D" and "a", John Coffman, 030513 -.\" Added I switch option "R", John Coffman, 041116 -.\" Added H switch, John Coffman, 050927 +.\" Escape single quotes in literal strings from groff's Unicode transform. +.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq +.el .ds Aq ' .\" -.TH LILO 8 "07 Oct 2005" -.SH NAME -lilo \- install boot loader -.SH SYNOPSIS +.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr for +.\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.SS), items (.Ip), and index +.\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the +.\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion. +.ie \nF \{\ +. de IX +. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2" +.. +. nr % 0 +. rr F +.\} +.el \{\ +. de IX +.. +.\} +.\" ======================================================================== +.\" +.IX Title "LILO 8" +.TH LILO 8 "2013-05-01" "23.3" "lilo documentation" +.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes +.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents. +.if n .ad l +.nh +.SH "NAME" +lilo \- install boot loader of LiLO +.SH "SYNOPSIS" +.IX Header "SYNOPSIS" Main function: -.LP -.B " /sbin/lilo" -\- install boot loader -.LP +.PP + +  +\&\fBlilo\fR +.PP Auxiliary uses: -.LP -.B " /sbin/lilo -A" -\- activate/show active partition -.br -.B " /sbin/lilo -E" -\- edit header or update a bitmap file -.br -.B " /sbin/lilo -I" -\- inquire path name of current kernel -.br -.B " /sbin/lilo -M " -\- write a Master Boot Loader on a device -.br -.B " /sbin/lilo -q" -\- query map -.br -.B " /sbin/lilo -R" -\- set default command line for next reboot -.br -.B " /sbin/lilo -T" -\- tell more about specified topic -.br -.B " /sbin/lilo {-u|-U}" -\- uninstall LILO boot loader -.SH DESCRIPTION -.LP -.B lilo -installs a boot loader that will be activated the next time you boot your -system. The default configuration file -.I "/etc/lilo.conf" -(see 'man lilo.conf') will contain most options, but many, including -those which override the -configuration file, may be specified on the command line. -.LP -.TP -.BI "\-\^A " "master-device [ N ]" -Used with a single argument, inquire of active partition on device -.IR master-device ; -e.g., \fI/dev/hda\fP. With N==0, deactivate all partitions on the device. With -N in the range [1..n], activate the specified partition and deactivate all -others. Normally, only primary partitions [1..4] may be activated, but if -the Extended Master Boot Loader is present on the Master Boot Record -of the device -(see the \fI-M\fP option), any partition may be made active. Whether the -actual OS in the partition will boot from an extended partition depends on -the characteristics of the OS. LILO boot records for Linux -may be booted from an extended partition. -.TP -.BI "\-\^b " bootdev -Specify the boot device; i.e., where the boot loader will be installed. -"\-b /dev/hda" specifies the Master Boot Record; "\-b /dev/sdb5" specifies -the first extended partition on the second SCSI disk. -.TP -.BI "\-\^B " bitmap-file -Specify a bitmap file for the boot-time graphics screen, preferably one -already pre-processed with the 'lilo \-E' command. -.TP -.B "\-\^c" -Enable map compaction. This will merge read requests from adjacent -sectors. Speeds up the booting (especially from floppy). -.TP -.BI "\-\^C " config-file -.B lilo -Specify an alternate pathname for the configuration file. -This option overrides the use of the default configuration file, -.IR "/etc/lilo.conf" . -.TP -.BI "\-\^d " delay -Specifies the delay time in tenths of a second (20 = 2 sec) before -automatically booting the first image. Gives you time to interrupt the -automatic boot process with Shift, Alt, Ctrl, ScrollLock, or CapsLock. If -interrupted, the `boot:' prompt is displayed. This switch is overridden by -the appearance of -.I prompt -in the configuration file. -.TP -.BI "\-\^D " label -Use the kernel with the given label, instead of the first one -in the list, as the default kernel to boot. -.TP -.BI "\-\^E " filename.ext -If \fB.ext\fP is \fB.bmp\fP, then take the file to be a bitmap graphic file -for use in the "bitmap=" configuration file directive. Enter an interactive -editor to create or update the color/placement information in the -bitmap file LILO header. (see 'bmp-colors', 'bmp-table', and 'bmp-timer' -on the man page for 'lilo.conf(5)'.) -.sp -If \fB.ext\fP is \fB.dat\fP, then take the file to be a configuration file which -specifies bitmap graphic parameters, which are transferred into the LILO -header in the bitmap file of the same name. -.sp -When a \fB.bmp\fP file is modified using a graphics editor (e.g., GIMP), the -LILO header will be lost. It can be restored using the \fB.dat\fP file, -which is used as a text-based backup for the LILO header information. -.TP -.BI "\-\^f " disk-tab -Specify disk geometry parameter file. (The default is -.IR /etc/disktab .) -.TP -.BI "\-\^F" -Override boot sector check for filesystems (e.g., swap, XFS, ...) which might be -destroyed by the installation of the LILO boot sector on the first sector of -the partition. These filesystems use the first sector as a superblock. +.PP -Compare with "\-P ignore", which bypasses certain partition table checks. -.TP -.BI "\-\^g" -Generate cylinder/head/sector (geometric) disk addresses. Limited to -cylinders up to 1023. Forces compatibility with older versions of LILO. -.TP -.BI "\-\^H" -Override fatal halt when a RAID array does not have all disks active. -.TP -.BI "\-\^i " boot-loader -Specify a file to be used as the new boot loader. (The default is -.IR /boot/boot.b .) -.TP -.BI "\-I " "label [D|a|i|k|r|R]" -.B label -is taken to be the name of an image specified in the configuration file. +  +\&\fBlilo\fR \fB\-A\fR # activate/show active partition +  +\&\fBlilo\fR \fB\-E\fR # edit header or update a bitmap file +  +\&\fBlilo\fR \fB\-I\fR # inquire path name of current kernel +  +\&\fBlilo\fR \fB\-M\fR # write a Master Boot Loader on a device +  +\&\fBlilo\fR \fB\-q\fR # query map and show its content +  +\&\fBlilo\fR \fB\-R\fR # set default command line for next reboot +  +\&\fBlilo\fR \fB\-T\fR # tell more about specified topic +  +\&\fBlilo\fR \fB{\-u|\-U}\fR # uninstall LiLO boot loader +.SH "DESCRIPTION" +.IX Header "DESCRIPTION" +lilo installs a boot loader that will be activated the next time you boot +your system. The default configuration file \fI/etc/lilo.conf\fR (see manpage +\&\fIlilo.conf\fR\|(5)) will contain most options, but many, including those which +override the configuration file, may be specified on the command line. +.SH "OPTIONS" +.IX Header "OPTIONS" +.IP "\fB\-A\fR \fImaster-device [N]\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-A master-device [N]" +Used with a single argument, inquire of active partition on device \fImaster-device\fR; +e.g. \fI/dev/sda\fR. With N==0: deactivate all partitions on the device. With N in +the range [1..n]: activate the specified partition and deactivate all others. +Normally, only primary partitions [1..4] may be activated, but if the 'Extended +Master Boot Loader' is present on the Master Boot Record (\s-1MBR\s0) of the device +(see the \-M option), any partition may be made active. Whether the actual \s-1OS\s0 +in the partition will boot from an extended partition depends on the characteristics +of the \s-1OS\s0. \s-1LILO\s0 boot records for Linux may be booted from an extended partition. +.IP "\fB\-b\fR \fIbootdev\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-b bootdev" +Set the boot device where the boot loader will be installed. For example +\&\fI\*(L"\-b /dev/sda\*(R"\fR set the Master Boot Record (\s-1MBR\s0) on the first disk as boot +device. \fI\*(L"\-b /dev/sdb5\*(R"\fR set the first extended partition on the second disk +as boot device. +.IP "\fB\-B\fR \fIbitmap-file\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-B bitmap-file" +Define a bitmap file for the boot-time graphics screen, preferably one already +pre-processed with the \fI\-E\fR option. +.IP "\fB\-c\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-c" +Enable map compaction. This will merge read requests from adjacent sectors. +Speeds up the booting especially from floppy. +.IP "\fB\-C\fR \fIconfig-file\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-C config-file" +Set another pathname and filename for the configuration file. The default +configuration file is \fI/etc/lilo.conf\fR. +.IP "\fB\-d\fR \fIdelay-time\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-d delay-time" +Set the delay time in tenths of a second ('20' = 2 sec) before automatically +booting the first image. This give you time to interrupt the automatic boot +process with: Shift, Alt, Ctrl, ScrollLock, or CapsLock. If interrupted, the +\&\fIboot:\fR prompt will be displayed. +.Sp +This switch will be overridden by the appearance of \fIprompt\fR in the +configuration file! +.IP "\fB\-D\fR \fIlabel\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-D label" +Use the kernel with the given label as the default kernel to boot, instead of +the first one in the list of the configuration file. +.IP "\fB\-E\fR \fIfilename.xxx\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-E filename.xxx" +If the extension \fB.xxx\fR is \fB.bmp\fR, then take the file to be a bitmap graphic file +for use in the \fIbitmap=\fR configuration file directive. Enter an interactive +editor to create or update the color/placement information in the \s-1LILO\s0 header +of this bitmap file. (see \fIbmp-colors\fR, \fIbmp-table\fR, and \fIbmp-timer\fR on the +manual page for \fIlilo.conf (5)\fR.) +.Sp +If \fB.xxx\fR is \fB.dat\fR then take this file to be a configuration file to set bitmap +graphic parameters, which are transferred into the \s-1LILO\s0 header in the bitmap file +of the same name. +.Sp +When a \fB.bmp\fR file is modified using a graphics editor (e.g. \s-1GIMP\s0), the \s-1LILO\s0 +header will be lost. It can be restored using the \fBdat\fR file, which is used as +a text-based backup for the \s-1LILO\s0 header information. +.IP "\fB\-f\fR \fIdisk-tab\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-f disk-tab" +Set another disk geometry parameter file. The default is \fI/etc/disktab\fR. +.IP "\fB\-F\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-F" +Override boot sector check for filesystems (e.g., swap, ext4, xfs ...) which +might be destroyed by the installation of the \s-1LILO\s0 boot sector on the first +sector of the partition if these filesystems use the first sector as a superblock. +.Sp +Compare with \fI\-P ignore\fR, which bypasses certain partition table checks. +.IP "\fB\-g\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-g" +Generate 'cylinder/head/sector' (\s-1CHS\s0 geometric) disk addresses. Limited to cylinders +up to 1023. Forces compatibility with very old versions of \s-1LILO\s0 \fI(obsolete switch)\fR. +.IP "\fB\-H\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-H" +Override fatal halt if a \s-1RAID\s0 array does not have all disks active. +.IP "\fB\-I\fR \fIlabel [D|a|i|k|r|R]\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-I label [D|a|i|k|r|R]" +\&\fBlabel\fR is taken to be the name of an image specified in the configuration file. This command will print the path name of the corresponding kernel file, keytable -file, initial ramdisk file, root specification, or "append=" -string ("i", "k", "r", "R", or "a" option). -The "D" option ignores the -.B label -parameter, and prints the default "image=" label, or first "image=" label -if no default -.BI image -is specified. -.TP -.BI "\-\^l" -Generate 24-bit linear sector addresses instead of cylinder/head/sector -addresses. -.TP -.BI "\-\^L" -Generate 32-bit Logical Block Addresses instead of cylinder/head/sector -addresses, allowing -access to all partitions on disks with more than 1024 cylinders. -.TP -.BI "\-\^m " map-file -Use specified map file instead of the default. -.TP -.BI "\-\^M " "master-device " "[mbr|ext]" -Install a Master Boot Record on the device specified as -.IR master-device , -selecting the Standard or Extended Master Boot Loader per the option. -The primary partition table on -.I master-device -is undisturbed. If no valid Volume-ID (serial number) -is present, then generate one -and write it to the MBR. If \fBmbr\fP is specified, the Standard Master -Boot Loader -will search partitions 1-4 for an active flag, and boot the flagged -partition. Only one active flag is allowed. If \fBext\fP is specified, the -search for an active partition will include extended partitions as well. -The presence of the Extended Master Boot Loader on the -Master Boot Record (MBR = sector 0) of a disk -affects the operation of the \fI-A\fP option. -.TP -.BI "\-\^p" -Require interactive entry of all passwords specified as -.B """""" -in the configuration file. -.TP -.BI "\-\^P " "{fix|ignore|\}" -Fix or ignore `corrupt' partition tables, i.e., partition tables -with linear and cylinder/head/sector addresses that do not correspond. -Always try -.I -P ignore -first, as -.I -P fix -will re-write the partition table, possibly destroying all partitions -on the disk. - -.I -P ignore -is also used to bypass the partition table check for partition types within -the partition table which -might not allow the installation of a LILO boot sector. Compare with the -"\-F" flag, which overrides the check of the actual boot sector. - -.I "-P " -allows the passing of any global option which may appear in the global -section (top) of the configuration file (/etc/lilo.conf). For instance, -.I -P nowarn -will pass the "nowarn" option, just as though "nowarn" appeared in the -configuration file (same as the "\-w" switch). Similarly, -.I -P timeout=50 -will add or override the "timeout=" line in the configuration file. Note -that the general -.I -P -switch actually duplicates a number of command line option switches. -However, it is not strictly the same as some switches whick cause an -override of other options; e.g., "\-g" (\-P geometric), "\-L" (\-P lba32). -.TP -.B \-\^q -List the currently mapped files. -.B lilo -maintains a file, by default -.IR "/boot/map" , -containing the name and location of the kernel(s) to boot. -This option will list the names therein. Use with \fB-v\fP for -more detailed information about the installed boot loader. -.TP -.BI "\-\^r " root-directory -Before doing anything else, do a \fIchroot\fP to the indicated -directory. The new root directory must contain a -.I /dev -directory, and may need a -.I /boot -directory. It may also need an -.IR /etc/lilo.conf " file." -.TP -.BI "\-\^R " "command line" -This option sets the default command for the boot loader the next -time it executes. The boot loader will then erase this line: this -is a once-only command. It is typically used in reboot scripts, -just before calling `shutdown \-r'. Used without any arguments, it will -cancel a \fIlock\fP-ed or \fIfallback\fP command line. -.TP -.BI "\-\^s " save-file -When -.B lilo -writes a new boot sector, it preserves the former contents of the sector -in a file, named by default \fI/boot/boot.NNNN\fP, -where NNNN is the hexadecimal representation of the major and minor -device numbers of the drive/partition. This option specifies the backup -save file in one of three ways: a save directory (default is '/boot') using -the default filename 'boot.NNNN' in the specified directory; a pathname template -to which '.NNNN' is appended (default would be '/boot/boot'); -or the full pathname of the file, which must include the correct '.NNNN' -suffix. When used with the -\fB-u\fP option, the full file pathname must be specified. -.TP -.BI "\-\^S " save-file -Normally, -.B lilo -will not overwrite an existing boot sector save file. This options says -that overwriting is to be forced. As with \fB-s\fP, the specification may be of a -save directory, pathname template, or full pathname (which includes the '.NNNN' -suffix.) -.TP -.BI "\-\^t " -Test only. Do not really write a new boot sector or map file. -Use together with \fB-v\fP to find out what -.B lilo -is about to do. -.TP -.BI "\-\^T " option -Print out system information, some of it extracted from the system -bios. This is more convenient than booting the LILO diagnostic -floppy on problem systems. -.I option +file, initial ramdisk file, root specification, or \*(L"append=\*(R" string (\*(L"i\*(R", \*(L"k\*(R", +\&\*(L"r\*(R", \*(L"R\*(R", or \*(L"a\*(R" option). The \*(L"D\*(R" option ignores the \fBlabel\fR parameter and +prints the default \*(L"image=\*(R" label, or the first \*(L"image=\*(R" label is selected if +no default \fBimage\fR is set. +.IP "\fB\-l\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-l" +Generate 24\-bit linear sector addresses instead of cylinder/head/sector addresses. +.IP "\fB\-L\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-L" +Generate 32\-bit Logical Block Addresses (\s-1LBA\s0) instead of cylinder/head/sector (\s-1CHS\s0) +addresses, allowing access to all partitions on disks with more than 1024 cylinders. +(This is the default geometry). +.IP "\fB\-m\fR \fImap-file\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-m map-file" +Use another map file instead of the default file /boot/map. +.IP "\fB\-M\fR \fImaster-device\fR \fB{mbr|ext}\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-M master-device {mbr|ext}" +Install a Master Boot Record on the device specified as master-device, selecting +the Standard or Extended Master Boot Loader per option. The primary partition +table on master-device is undisturbed. If no valid Volume-ID (serial number) is +present, then generate one and write it to the \s-1MBR\s0. If \fImbr\fR is set, the +Standard Master Boot Loader will search partitions 1\-4 for an active flag, and +boot the flagged partition. Only one active flag is allowed. If \fIext\fR is set, +the search for an active partition will include extended partitions as well. +The presence of the Extended Master Boot Loader on the Master Boot Record +(\s-1MBR\s0 = sector 0) of a disk affects the operation of the \fI\-A\fR option. +.IP "\fB\-p\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-p" +Require interactive entry of all passwords set as "" in the configuration file. +.IP "\fB\-P\fR \fI{fix|ignore|" 4 +.IX Item "-P {fix|ignore|" +Fix or ignore 'corrupt' partition tables, e.g. partition tables with linear and +cylinder/head/sector addresses that do not correspond. Always try \fBignore\fR +first, as \fBfix\fR will re-write the partition table, possibly destroying all +partitions on the disk. +.Sp +\&\fBignore\fR is also used to bypass the partition table check for partition types +within the partition table which might not allow the installation of a \s-1LILO\s0 boot +sector. Compare with the '\-F' flag, which overrides the check of the actual +boot sector. +.Sp +\&\fB\fR allows the passing of any global option which may +appear in the global section (top) of the configuration file (\fI/etc/lilo.conf\fR). +For instance \fI'\-P nowarn'\fR will pass the 'nowarn' option, just as though 'nowarn' +appeared in the configuration file (same as the '\-w' switch). Similarly +\&\fI'\-P timeout=50'\fR will add or override the 'timeout=' line in the configuration +file. Note that the general \fB\-P\fR switch actually duplicates a number of command +line option switches. However, it is not strictly the same as some switches which +cause an override of other options; e.g. '\-g' (\-P geometric), '\-L' (\-P lba32). +.IP "\fB\-q\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-q" +List the currently mapped files. \fBlilo\fR maintains a file, by default \fI/boot/map\fR, +containing each name and location of the kernel(s) to boot. This option will list +the names therein. Use with \fB\-v\fR for more detailed information about the +installed boot loader. +.IP "\fB\-r\fR \fIroot-directory\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-r root-directory" +Before doing anything else, do a \fI'chroot'\fR to the indicated directory. The new +root directory must contain a \fI/dev\fR directory and may need a /boot directory. +It may also need an \fI/etc/lilo.conf\fR file. +.IP "\fB\-R\fR \fIcommand-line\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-R command-line" +This option sets the default command for the boot loader for the next time it +executes. After execution the boot loader will erase this line because it is a +once-only command. It is typically used in reboot scripts, just before calling +\&'shutdown \-r'. Used without any arguments, it will cancel a \fIlock\fR\-ed or +\&\fIfallback\fR command line. +.IP "\fB\-s\fR \fIsave-file\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-s save-file" +When lilo writes a new boot sector, it preserves the former contents of the boot +sector in a file, named by default /boot/boot.NNNN, where \s-1NNNN\s0 is the hexadecimal +representation of the major and minor device numbers of the drive/partition. +.Sp +This option defines the backup save file in one of three ways: a save directory +(default is '/boot') using the default filename 'boot.NNNN' in the defined +directory; a pathname template to which '.NNNN' is appended (default would be +\&'/boot/boot'); or the full pathname of the file, which must include the correct +\&'.NNNN' suffix. When used with the \-u option, the full file pathname must be set. +.IP "\fB\-S\fR \fIsave-file\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-S save-file" +Normally lilo will not overwrite an existing boot sector save file. This options +says that overwriting is to be forced. As with \-s, the setting may be of a save +directory, pathname template, or full pathname (which includes the '.NNNN' suffix). +.IP "\fB\-t\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-t" +Test only. Do not really write a new boot sector or map file. Use together with +\&\fB\-v\fR to find out what lilo is about to do. +.IP "\fB\-T\fR \fIoption\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-T option" +Print out system information, some of it extracted from system bios. This is more +convenient than booting the \s-1LILO\s0 diagnostic floppy on problem systems. \fBoption\fR may be any one of the following: -.IP -.nf - help - print a list of available diagnostics - ChRul - list the partition types subject to - Change-Rules - EBDA - list Extended BIOS Data Area information - geom= list drive geometry for bios drive; - e.g., geom=0x80 - geom - list drive geometry for all drives - table= list the primary partition table; - e.g., table=/dev/sda - video - list graphic modes available to boot - loader -.fi -.TP -.BI "\-\^u " [device-name] -Uninstall \fIlilo\fP by copying the saved boot sector back. -The '\-s' and '\-C' switches may be used with this option. -The \fIdevice-name\fP is optional. A time-stamp is checked. -.TP -.BI "\-\^U " [device-name] -Idem, but do not check the time-stamp. -.TP -.B "\-\^v" -Increase verbosity. Giving one to five \fB-v\fP options -will make lilo more verbose, or use, \fB-v\fP \fIn\fP (n=1..5) to -set verbosity level '\fIn\fP'. -.TP -.B "\-\^V" +.Sp +.Vb 11 +\& help print a list of available diagnostics +\& ChRul list the partition types subject to +\& Change\-Rules +\& EBDA list Extended BIOS Data Area information +\& geom= list drive geometry for bios drive; +\& e.g. geom=0x80 +\& geom list drive geometry for all drives +\& table= list the primary partition table; +\& e.g. table=/dev/sda +\& video list graphic modes available to boot +\& loader +.Ve +.IP "\fB\-u\fR \fI[device\-name]\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-u [device-name]" +Uninstall lilo by copying the saved boot sector back. The \fB\-s\fR and \fB\-C\fR switches +may be used with this option. The device-name is optional. A time-stamp is +checked. +.IP "\fB\-U\fR \fI[device\-name]\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-U [device-name]" +The same as '\-u', but do not check the time-stamp. +.IP "\fB\-v\fR \fI[number]\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-v [number]" +Increase verbosity. Giving one to five \fB\-v\fR options will make lilo more verbose. +The \fBnumber\fR (range 1..5) set verbosity level. +.IP "\fB\-V\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-V" Print version number. -.TP -.B "\-\^w" -Used as \fB-w\fP or \fB-w-\fP, suppress warning messages. -Used as \fB-w+\fP, override \fInowarn\fP in -the configuration file, and show warning messages. -.TP -.BI "\-\^x " option -For RAID installations only. The option may be any of the keywords -.IR none , -.IR auto , -.IR mbr , -.IR mbr-only , -or a comma separated list of additional boot devices (no spaces allowed in -the list). -.TP -.BI "\-\^X" -Reserved for LILO internal use. May produce different -output for different LILO versions. The line beginning "CFLAGS=" -will contain the compiler options used to generate this version of LILO. -.TP -.B "\-\^z" -When used with the `\-M' switch, clears the Volume-ID. Usually used -in the following sequence to generate a new Volume-ID: -.nf - lilo \-z \-M /dev/hda - lilo \-M /dev/hda -.fi -.br -.TP -.BI "\-\^Z " option -Tells the boot installer whether special precautions need to be taken -because the BIOS fails to pass the correct device code in DL (\-Z0). Or may -specify that the BIOS always gets DL right (\-Z1). Corresponds to, and -overrides, the configuration file option 'bios-passes-dl='. -.LP -The above command line options correspond to the key words -in the config file indicated below. -.IP -.TS -l l. -\-b bootdev boot=bootdev -\-B file.bmp bitmap=file.bmp -\-c compact -\-d dsec delay=dsec -\-D label default=label -\-i boot-loader install=boot-loader -\-f file disktab=file -\-g geometric -\-l linear -\-L lba32 -\-m mapfile map=mapfile -\-P fix fix-table -\-P ignore ignore-table -\-s file backup=file -\-S file force-backup=file -\-v [N] verbose=N -\-w nowarn -\-x option raid-extra-boot=option -\-Z option bios-passes-dl=option -.TE +.IP "\fB\-w\fR\fI[+|\-]\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-w[+|-]" +Used as \fB\-w\fR or \fB\-w\-\fR to suppress warning messages. Used as '\-w+' to override +\&\fI'nowarn'\fR in the configuration file and show warning messages. +.IP "\fB\-x\fR \fIoption\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-x option" +For \s-1RAID\s0 installations only. The option may be any of the keywords: \fInone\fR, +\&\fIauto\fR, \fImbr\fR, \fImbr-only\fR, or a comma separated list of additional boot +devices (no spaces allowed in the list). +.Sp +\&\s-1RAID\s0 installations write the boot record to the \s-1RAID\s0 partition. Conditional +writing of MBRs may occur to aid in making the \s-1RAID\s0 set bootable in a recovery +situation, but all default actions may be overridden. Action similar to previous +versions is achieved using the \fI'\-x mbr\-only'\fR switch. +.IP "\fB\-X\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-X" +Reserved for \s-1LILO\s0 internal use. May produce different output for different \s-1LILO\s0 +versions. The line beginning \*(L"CFLAGS=\*(R" will contain the compiler options used to +generate this version of \s-1LILO\s0. +.IP "\fB\-z\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-z" +When used with the '\-M' switch, clears the Volume-ID. Usually used in the +following sequence to generate a new Volume-ID: +.Sp +.Vb 2 +\& lilo \-z \-M /dev/hda +\& lilo \-M /dev/hda +.Ve +.IP "\fB\-Z\fR \fIoption\fR" 4 +.IX Item "-Z option" +Tells the boot installer whether special precautions need to be taken because +the \s-1BIOS\s0 fails to pass the correct device code in \s-1DL\s0 (\-Z0). Or may specify +that the \s-1BIOS\s0 always gets \s-1DL\s0 right (\-Z1). Corresponds to, and overrides, the +configuration file option 'bios\-passes\-dl='. +.SH "CONFIG OPTIONS" +.IX Header "CONFIG OPTIONS" +The above command line options correspond to the key words in the config file +indicated below. +.PP +.Vb 1 +\& \-b bootdev boot=bootdev +\& +\& \-B file.bmp bitmap=file.bmp +\& \-c compact +\& \-d dsec delay=dsec +\& \-D label default=label +\& \-f file disktab=file +\& \-g geometric +\& \-l linear +\& \-L lba32 +\& \-m mapfile map=mapfile +\& \-P fix fix\-table +\& \-P ignore ignore\-table +\& \-s file backup=file +\& \-S file force\-backup=file +\& \-v [N] verbose=N +\& \-w nowarn +\& \-x option raid\-extra\-boot=option +\& \-Z option bios\-passes\-dl=option +.Ve .SH "BOOT OPTIONS" -The options described here may be specified at boot time on -the command line when a -kernel image is booted. These options are processed by LILO, and are -removed from the command line before it is passed to the kernel, -unless otherwise noted. -.LP -.TP -.BI lock -Locks the command line, as though 'lock' had been specified in 'lilo.conf.' -.TP -.BI "mem=###[,K,M,G]" -Specifies the maximum memory in the system in bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, -or gigabytes. -This option is not removed from the command line, and is always passed to -the kernel. -.TP -.BI nobd -Suppresses the BIOS data check. This option is reserved for use with -non-IBM-compliant BIOS's which hang with the lines: -.sp -.nf - Loading............... - BIOS data check -.fi -.TP -.BI "vga=[ASK,EXT,EXTENDED,NORMAL,###,0x###]" +.IX Header "BOOT OPTIONS" +The options described here may be specified at boot time on the command line +when a kernel image is booted. These options are processed by \s-1LILO\s0, and are +removed from the command line before it is passed to the kernel, unless otherwise +noted. +.IP "\fBlock\fR" 4 +.IX Item "lock" +Locks the command line, as though 'lock' had been defined in \fI/etc/lilo.conf\fR. +.IP "\fBmem=###[,K,M,G]\fR" 4 +.IX Item "mem=###[,K,M,G]" +Set the maximum memory in the system in bytes, kilobytes, megabytes or gigabytes. +This option is not removed from the command line, and is always passed to the +kernel. +.IP "\fBnobd\fR" 4 +.IX Item "nobd" +Suppresses the \s-1BIOS\s0 data check. This option is reserved for use with +non-IBM-compliant \s-1BIOS\s0's which hang with the lines: +.Sp +.Vb 2 +\& Loading............... +\& BIOS data check +.Ve +.IP "\fBvga=[\s-1ASK\s0,EXT,EXTENDED,NORMAL,###,0x###]\fR" 4 +.IX Item "vga=[ASK,EXT,EXTENDED,NORMAL,###,0x###]" Allows overriding the default video mode upon kernel startup. -.br -.SH BOOT ERRORS -The boot process takes place in two stages. The first stage loader is a -single sector, and is loaded by the BIOS or by the loader in the MBR. It -loads the multi-sector second stage loader, but is very space limited. When -the first stage loader gets control, it types the letter "L"; when it is -ready to transfer control to the second stage loader it types the letter -"I". If any error occurs, like a disk read error, it will put out a -hexadecimal error code, and then it will re-try the operation. All hex -error codes are BIOS return values, except for the lilo-generated 40, 99 and 9A. -A partial list of error codes follows: -.br -.IP -.TS -l l. -00 no error -01 invalid disk command -02 address mark not found -03 disk write-protected -04 sector not found -06 floppy disk removed -08 DMA overrun -0A bad sector flag -0B bad track flag -20 controller failure -40 seek failure (BIOS) -40 cylinder>1023 (LILO) -99 invalid second stage index sector (LILO) -9A no second stage loader signature (LILO) -AA drive not ready -FF sense operation failed -.TE -.br -.LP -Error code 40 is generated by the BIOS, or by LILO during the conversion of -a linear (24-bit) disk address to a geometric (C:H:S) address. On older -systems which do not support lba32 (32-bit) addressing, this error may also -be generated. Errors 99 and 9A usually mean the map file (\-m or map=) is -not readable, likely because LILO was not re-run after some system change, -or there is a geometry mis-match between what LILO used (lilo \-v3 to -display) and what is actually being used by the BIOS (one of the lilo -diagnostic disks, available in the source distribution, may be needed to -diagnose this problem). - -When the second stage loader has received control from the first stage, it -prints the letter "L", and when it has initialized itself, including -verifying the "Descriptor Table" \- the list of kernels/others to boot \- it -will print the letter "O", to form the full word "LILO", in uppercase. - -All second stage loader error messages are English text, and try to -pinpoint, more or less successfully, the point of failure. -.br -.SH INCOMPATIBILITIES -.B lilo -is known to have problems with the -.I reiserfs -introduced with the 2.2.x kernels, unless the file system is -mounted with the 'notail' option. This incompatibility has been -resolved with reiserfs 3.6.18 and lilo 21.6. -.I reiser4 -introduced with the 2.5.x kernels requires lilo 22.5.2 or later. -.sp -Beginning with version 22.0, RAID installations write the boot record to -the RAID partition. Conditional writing of MBRs may occur to aid in making -the RAID set bootable in a recovery situation, but all default actions may -be overridden. Action similar to previous versions is -achieved using the `\-x mbr-only' switch. -.SH BUGS -Configuration file options `backup' and `force-backup' -should specify a backup directory or backup file pathname template on -all RAID installations. Use of an explicit filename may not allow multiple -backup files to be created correctly. It is best to use the default mechanism, -as it works correctly in all cases. +.SH "BOOT ERRORS" +.IX Header "BOOT ERRORS" +The boot process takes place in two stages. The first stage loader is a single +sector, and is loaded by the \s-1BIOS\s0 or by the loader in the \s-1MBR\s0. It loads the +multi-sector second stage loader, but is very space limited. When the first +stage loader gets control, it types the letter 'L'; when it is ready to +transfer control to the second stage loader it types the letter 'I'. If any +error occurs, like a disk read error, it will put out a hexadecimal error code +and then re-try the operation. All hex error codes are \s-1BIOS\s0 return values, +except for the lilo-generated codes: 40, 99 and 9A. A partial list of error +codes follows: +.PP +.Vb 10 +\& 00 no error +\& 01 invalid disk command +\& 02 address mark not found +\& 03 disk write\-protected +\& 04 sector not found +\& 06 floppy disk removed +\& 08 DMA overrun +\& 0A bad sector flag +\& 0B bad track flag +\& 20 controller failure +\& 40 seek failure (BIOS) +\& 40 cylinder>1023 (LILO) +\& 99 invalid second stage index sector (LILO) +\& 9A no second stage loader signature (LILO) +\& AA drive not ready +\& FF sense operation failed +.Ve +.PP +Error code 40 is generated by the \s-1BIOS\s0, or by \s-1LILO\s0 during the conversion of a +linear (24\-bit) disk address to a geometric (C:H:S) address. On older systems +which do not support lba32 (32\-bit) addressing, this error may also be generated. +Errors 99 and 9A usually mean the map file ('\-m' or 'map=') is not readable, +likely because \s-1LILO\s0 was not re-run after some system change, or there is a +geometry mismatch between what \s-1LILO\s0 used (lilo \-v3 to display) and what is +actually being used by the \s-1BIOS\s0 (one of the lilo diagnostic disks, available +in the source distribution, may be needed to diagnose this problem). +.PP +When the second stage loader has received control from the first stage, it +prints the letter 'L', and when it has initialized itself, including verifying +the \*(L"Descriptor Table\*(R" \- the list of kernels/others to boot \- it will print +the letter \*(L"O\*(R", to form the full word \*(L"\s-1LILO\s0\*(R", in uppercase. +.PP +All second stage loader error messages are English text and try to pinpoint, +more or less successfully, the point of failure. +.SH "BUGS" +.IX Header "BUGS" +Configuration file options 'backup' and 'force\-backup' should specify a backup +directory or backup file pathname template on all \s-1RAID\s0 installations. Use of an +explicit filename may not allow multiple backup files to be created correctly. +It is best to use the default mechanism, as it works correctly in all cases. +.SH "COPYRIGHT and LICENSE" +.IX Header "COPYRIGHT and LICENSE" +.Vb 3 +\& Copyright (C) 1992\-1998 Werner Almesberger +\& Copyright (C) 1999\-2007 John Coffman +\& Copyright (C) 2009\-2013 Joachim Wiedorn +.Ve +.PP +Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +modification, are permitted under the terms of the \s-1BSD\s0 license found in +the \s-1COPYING\s0 file. +.SH "AUTHOR" +.IX Header "AUTHOR" +\&\fBlilo\fR was written by: +.PP +.Vb 3 +\& Werner Almesberger (version 0 to 21), +\& John Coffman (version 21.2 to 22.8), +\& Joachim Wiedorn (since version 23.0). +.Ve +.PP +This manual page was written by Werner Almesberger and Joachim Wiedorn +. .SH "SEE ALSO" -fdisk(8), lilo.conf(5), mkrescue(8), mkinitrd(8). -.sp -The lilo distribution comes with very extensive TeX documentation through -Version 21. Text file README's in the source directory provide updates on -more recent topics. -.SH "AUTHORS" -Werner Almesberger (versions 0 to 21) -.br -John Coffman (21.2 to present date) +.IX Header "SEE ALSO" +\&\fBlilo.conf\fR(5), +\&\fBliloconfig\fR(8), +\&\fBlilo-uuid-diskid\fR(8), +\&\fBmkrescue\fR(8), +\&\fBfdisk\fR(8), +\&\fBmkinitrd\fR(8)